{"id":1779,"date":"2007-12-03T02:00:00","date_gmt":"2007-12-03T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/92.45.35.169\/patent-calismalari-istihdam-sorununu-cozer\/"},"modified":"2024-08-08T21:10:16","modified_gmt":"2024-08-08T18:10:16","slug":"patent-calismalari-istihdam-sorununu-cozer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kariyer.net\/kariyer-rehberi\/patent-calismalari-istihdam-sorununu-cozer\/","title":{"rendered":"“Patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 istihdam sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zer”"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"T\u00fcrkiye’de marka ve patent alan\u0131nda firmalara destek verip seminerler d\u00fczenleyen Destek Patent’in Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kemal Yamankaradeniz, istihdama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na \u00f6nem verilmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. <\/span><\/div>\n
Marka ve patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda firmalara dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmeti veren Destek Patent, 1983’ten beri faaliyet g\u00f6steriyor. Markala\u015fma alan\u0131nda o y\u0131llardan bug\u00fcne geli\u015fmeler oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Destek Patent Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kemal Yamankaradeniz, patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 konusunda ayn\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6remediklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Sanayicileri bilin\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in seminerler d\u00fczenlediklerini belirten Yamankaradeniz, T\u00fcrkiye’de \u015firketlerin patent odakl\u0131 Ar-Ge yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ve markal\u0131, patentli, end\u00fcstriyel tasar\u0131ma dayal\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. <\/span><\/div>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de patent ve markala\u015fma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ne zaman ba\u015flad\u0131?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Destek Patent, 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu\u011funda T\u00fcrkiye hen\u00fcz markala\u015fman\u0131n ve patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok ba\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. 1983-94 aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye bir yandan d\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131lma m\u00fccadelesi veriyordu, bir yandan da yeni aray\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7erisindeydi. Destek Patent’i kurduktan sonra biz, marka ve patentin ne oldu\u011funu, markan\u0131n ticaret \u00fcnvan\u0131ndan fark\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc kuruldu. 1995’te G\u00fcmr\u00fck Birli\u011fi ve sonras\u0131nda marka, patent ve end\u00fcstriyel tasar\u0131m haklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin kanun d\u00fczenlemelerde her \u015fey yeni ba\u015ftan ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Bundan sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131 bu haklar\u0131n ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funun fark\u0131na vard\u0131. \u00d6nemli cezai m\u00fceyyideler getirilmi\u015f oldu. O y\u0131llara kadar da ceza vard\u0131 ama cezalar etkin olmay\u0131nca koruma da zay\u0131f kal\u0131yordu. Korumac\u0131l\u0131k kalk\u0131nca sekt\u00f6rler kendi ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde durmak zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir markas\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 ve bir yenili\u011finin bulunmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. 1995’te 10 bin marka say\u0131s\u0131 2005 senesinde 60 bin adet olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Avrupa’yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda marka m\u00fcracat\u0131 anlam\u0131nda \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck de\u011fil. <\/span><\/div>\n
Patent ba\u015fvurular\u0131nda 1995’ten itibaren art\u0131\u015f oldu mu?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Patent y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ise maalesef \u00e7ok geriyiz. Biz de buna y\u00f6nelik bir tak\u0131m \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7erisindeyiz. Kuruldu\u011fumuz g\u00fcnden itibaren patentin \u00f6nemini belirttik ama rakamlarda pek bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmad\u0131. Patent bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr meselesi ve de\u011fi\u015fimdir. \u015eu anda T\u00fcrk \u015firketleri bu de\u011fi\u015fimi tam olarak ya\u015fam\u0131yorlar. Yenilik \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lm\u0131yor, yeni bir \u00fcr\u00fcn, teknoloji veya geli\u015fme olmas\u0131 laz\u0131m ki o \u015firkette yeni bir birim kurulsun, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla istihdam canlans\u0131n. \u0130stihdam\u0131 artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in patenli bulu\u015flar\u0131n varolmas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Bu da ciddi Ar-Ge ihtiyac\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Biz patent odakl\u0131 Ar-Ge yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyoruz. AB direktiflerinde de istihdama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak patentin desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6yleniyor. <\/span><\/div>\n
D\u00fcnyada patent ve marka ba\u015fvurular\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yaparsak T\u00fcrkiye’de nas\u0131l bir sonu\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>En \u00e7ok patent m\u00fcracaat\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi \u00fclke Japonya, y\u0131lda 450 bin adet ba\u015fvuru oluyor. Bu say\u0131 Amerika’da 250 bin, Almanya’da ise 150 bin. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin kriterlerinde en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn bu patent say\u0131lar\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Mesela Japonya’da 450 bin patent var, bunlar\u0131n elbette hepsi \u00fcretime girmiyor. Y\u00fczde 60’\u0131n\u0131n belgeye ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayarsak bunlar 10 sene sonraya ili\u015fkin teknolojileri hedefliyor. G\u00fcney Kore’yle 50 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki ekonomik durumumuz ayn\u0131yken bug\u00fcn onlar\u0131n ne kadar ilerledi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. G\u00fcney Kore’de 110 bin patent ba\u015fvurusu varken y\u0131ll\u0131k bizde bu 500 seviyesinde. <\/span><\/div>\n
\u0130srail h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir karar var: Birimi 250 dolardan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olan \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00fcretmemek. Bizim \u00fcr\u00fcnlerimizin birimine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda 10-15 dolar aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor. Biz T\u00fcrk sanayisi olarak bir karar vermek zorunday\u0131z. Fason i\u015flerden \u00f6te bir \u015feyler yapmak laz\u0131m. Markal\u0131, patentli, end\u00fcstriyel tasar\u0131ma dayal\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretmekten ba\u015fka T\u00fcrkiye’nin bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu yok. Bu kadar borcu fazla olan T\u00fcrkiye’nin kurtulu\u015fu da buradad\u0131r. <\/span><\/div>\n
Markala\u015fmak i\u00e7in sizce ne yapmak laz\u0131m?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Burada bir sihirli de\u011fnek yok tabii. Markala\u015fmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nce kararl\u0131l\u0131k laz\u0131m. Tavsiyemiz de bir i\u015fyeri fasondan markal\u0131 \u00fcretime ge\u00e7mek istiyorsa \u00f6nce karar verecek. Sonra \u00fcretiminin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 markal\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in ay\u0131racak. Markal\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde hedef kitle se\u00e7imi yap\u0131lmal\u0131. Firma, bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kim i\u00e7in \u00fcretti\u011finin bilinciyle hareket etmeli. Sadece bir damga vurmakla marka olunmuyor. Markala\u015fman\u0131n bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu kabul etmek laz\u0131m. Kapasiteyi yava\u015f yava\u015f artt\u0131rarak fasondan markal\u0131 \u00fcretime ge\u00e7mek gerekiyor. <\/span><\/div>\n
Teknoloji \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in herkes kendi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcyle ilgili iyi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapacak. Firmalar\u0131n Ar-Ge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 yapmadan \u00f6nce kendi sekt\u00f6rleriyle ilgili patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n takip etmesi gerekiyor. Daralan pazarda \u00fcr\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 artaca\u011f\u0131ndan sizin buldu\u011funuz \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc pazarda g\u00f6rmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. O nedenle mevcut patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 takip edilmeli, buna g\u00f6re Ar-Ge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131. Biz bu konuda seminerler vererek sanayicimizi bilgilendiriyoruz. <\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
“YEN\u0130 B\u0130R \u00dcR\u00dcN, TEKNOLOJ\u0130 VEYA GEL\u0130\u015eME OLMASI LAZIM K\u0130 O \u015e\u0130RKETTE YEN\u0130 B\u0130R B\u0130R\u0130M KURULSUN, DOLAYISIYLA \u0130ST\u0130HDAM CANLANSIN. \u0130ST\u0130HDAMI ARTTIRMAK \u0130\u00c7\u0130N PATENL\u0130 BULU\u015eLARIN VAROLMASI LAZIM. BU DA C\u0130DD\u0130 AR-GE \u0130HT\u0130YACI ORTAYA \u00c7IKARIYOR. B\u0130Z PATENT ODAKLI AR-GE YAPILMASINI \u00d6NER\u0130YORUZ.” <\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
Marka olmak i\u00e7in kriterler neler?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Marka olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir i\u015faretin bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 ad\u0131na tescil olmamas\u0131 laz\u0131m. D\u00fcnyadaki \u00f6nemli kurulu\u015flar var F\u0130FA gibi, bu kurulu\u015flara benzer markalar olmamas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Dini i\u015faretler i\u00e7ermemeli. Ahlaka mugayyir kelime olmamal\u0131. Anlam itibariyle de birbirine yak\u0131n kelimelerden olu\u015fmamas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Bu kurallar T\u00fcrk Patent Enstiti\u00fcs\u00fc Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirlenip kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnameyle a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f durumda. M\u00fcracat\u0131n \u015fekli de y\u00f6netmeliklerde yaz\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye’de patent vermeye tek yetkili kurum T\u00fcrk Patent Enstiti\u00fcs\u00fc Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’d\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 12 anla\u015fmaya imza atan da T\u00fcrk Patent Enstiti\u00fcs\u00fc Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’d\u0131r. <\/span><\/div>\n
Patent kriterleri neler?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong>Bir bulu\u015fun patent hakk\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyada yeni olmas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Sanayiye uygulanabilir olacak, hayal mahsul\u00fc yenilikler patent alma hakk\u0131na sahip de\u011fildir. Bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz, o sekt\u00f6rde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan herhangi birinin bulabilece\u011fi basit bir bulu\u015ftan \u00f6te bir yenilik olmas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Bir bulu\u015fun patent hakk\u0131n\u0131 alabilmesi i\u00e7in bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc birden sa\u011flamas\u0131 laz\u0131m. <\/span><\/div>\n

Peki marka ve patentler ekonomiye nas\u0131l kazand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?<\/span><\/span><\/strong>Bunlar al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131labilen haklard\u0131r. Yani herhangi bir ki\u015fi bug\u00fcn markas\u0131n\u0131 tescil ettirdi\u011fi ve kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman ba\u015fkas\u0131na satabilir. Markalar\u0131n de\u011ferini \u00f6l\u00e7en kurulu\u015flar var, biraz yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda markan\u0131n de\u011feri bir s\u00fcre sonra artabilir. \u015eu an en de\u011ferli ilk \u00fc\u00e7 marka s\u0131ras\u0131yla Coca-Cola, Microsoft ve Dell. Patent a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir korumad\u0131r patent. Bu hak devrediliyor, sat\u0131l\u0131yor, lisans verilebiliyor, kiraya verilebiliyor, miras b\u0131rak\u0131labiliyor. <\/span><\/p>\n\n

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T\u00fcrkiye’de marka ve patent alan\u0131nda firmalara destek verip seminerler d\u00fczenleyen Destek Patent’in Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kemal Yamankaradeniz, istihdama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na \u00f6nem verilmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Marka ve patent \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda firmalara dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmeti veren Destek Patent, 1983’ten beri faaliyet g\u00f6steriyor. Markala\u015fma alan\u0131nda o y\u0131llardan bug\u00fcne geli\u015fmeler oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Destek Patent Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Kemal Yamankaradeniz, […]<\/p>\n\n

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