{"id":2420,"date":"2024-08-27T14:49:32","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T14:49:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kariyer.net\/universite-rehberi-blog\/?p=2420"},"modified":"2024-08-27T14:51:25","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T14:51:25","slug":"nasil-bir-sinavla-universiteli-oluyorsun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kariyer.net\/universite-rehberi-blog\/nasil-bir-sinavla-universiteli-oluyorsun\/","title":{"rendered":"Nas\u0131l bir s\u0131navla \u00fcniversiteli oluyorsun?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00dcniversiteli olma yolunda ad\u0131m atarken, \u00f6ncelikle seni bekleyen zorlu bir s\u0131nav s\u00fcreci oldu\u011funu biliyorsun. Bu yaz\u0131da, nas\u0131l bir s\u0131navdan ge\u00e7ece\u011fini ve rakiplerinle nas\u0131l bir yar\u0131\u015fa girece\u011fini detaylar\u0131yla ele ald\u0131k. \u00dcniversite hayaline giden zorlu yolculukta seni nelerin bekledi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in okumaya devam et!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcniversite s\u0131navlar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131m as\u0131rd\u0131r uygulanan test tekni\u011fine dayal\u0131 bir s\u0131nav. Belli d\u00f6nemlerde farkl\u0131 adlarla uygulansa da kat\u0131l\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131 genelde artarak devam ediyor. Bu nedenle \u00fcniversite s\u0131navlar\u0131n\u0131 kitlesel kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu s\u0131navlardan biri olarak niteleyebilirsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 y\u0131llarda sistemsel de\u011fi\u015fiklik nedeniyle ba\u015fvurularda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck azalmalar ya\u015fansa da genelde hep talebin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim. \u00d6zellikle 2022 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren s\u0131nav barajlar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ba\u015fvuru say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha da art\u0131rd\u0131 ve o y\u0131ldan beri 3 milyonun \u00fczerinde bir aday kitlesi bu s\u0131nava ba\u015fvuruda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte nas\u0131l bir kitle ile yar\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmen i\u00e7in hem s\u0131nav\u0131n ba\u015fvuru say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 hem de rakiplerinin bu s\u0131navda nas\u0131l bir performans sergiledi\u011fini bu yaz\u0131da ele alaca\u011f\u0131m. B\u00f6ylelikle yar\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n kitlenin hangi ba\u015far\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmeni sa\u011flamak istiyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yaz\u0131ma kaynakl\u0131k etmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok eski y\u0131llara ait ba\u015fvuru verilerini inceleme gere\u011fi duymad\u0131m. Zira bu y\u0131l yar\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n rakiplerini 10 y\u0131l \u00f6ncenin verileri ile k\u0131yaslamak do\u011fru olamayacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle son 3 y\u0131l bu bak\u0131mdan do\u011fru bir analiz yapman\u0131 sa\u011flayacak. Bu nedenle son 3 y\u0131l\u0131n ortalamalar\u0131 \u00fczerinden bir de\u011ferlendirme bulacaks\u0131n bu yaz\u0131da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k da\u011f\u0131l\u0131ma bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131nav\u0131n Temel Yeterlilik Testi (TYT) aya\u011f\u0131na ortalama 3 milyon 294 bin \u00f6\u011frencinin ba\u015fvurdu\u011funu g\u00f6receksin. Zira \u00fcniversite s\u0131nav\u0131na ba\u015fvuran her aday\u0131n ba\u015fvurmak zorunda oldu\u011fu bir test TYT. Ba\u015fvurmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen daha s\u0131nava girmeden adaylar\u0131n y\u00fczde 11\u2019e yak\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle s\u0131nava girmekten vazge\u00e7iyor. Bu nedenle s\u0131nava, ba\u015fvuran her 100 ki\u015fiden 89\u2019u kat\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131nava kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n ise TYT puan\u0131 hesaplanmayan, yani puan hesaplanacak say\u0131da net ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6steremeyen y\u00fczde 3\u2019l\u00fck bir kitlesi var.  Di\u011fer bir ifade ile s\u0131nava kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n ancak y\u00fczde 97\u2019sinin TYT puan\u0131 hesaplan\u0131yor.<\/strong> S\u0131nav \u00e7ok mu zor ki daha ilk ba\u015fta 3 \u00f6\u011frencinin puan\u0131 hesaplanm\u0131yor? Hay\u0131r, de\u011fil! TYT\u2019de puan\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ya da Matematik testinin herhangi birinden yar\u0131m net \u00e7\u0131karmak yetiyor asl\u0131nda. \u00d6zetle her 100 \u00f6\u011frenciden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc bu testlerin herhangi birinden 1 do\u011fru 2 yanl\u0131\u015f dahi yapamayacak d\u00fczeyde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TYT\u2019den elde etti\u011fin puanlar ile \u00fcniversitelerin 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k meslek y\u00fcksekokulu programlar\u0131n\u0131 tercih hakk\u0131 elde ediyorsun. TYT sadece bunun i\u00e7in girdi\u011fin bir s\u0131nav da de\u011fil tabi ki. Ayn\u0131 zamanda 4 y\u0131ll\u0131k lisans programlar\u0131na yerle\u015fmede kullan\u0131lan Say\u0131sal, S\u00f6zel, E\u015fit A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 ve Dil puanlar\u0131n\u0131n da y\u00fczde 40\u2019l\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alan Yeterlilik Testi (AYT) ise lisans programlar\u0131na girmek isteyen adaylar\u0131n kat\u0131lmak zorunda olduklar\u0131 bir test. TYT\u2019ye ba\u015fvuran her 100 aday\u0131n ortalama 67\u2019si AYT s\u0131navlar\u0131na ba\u015fvuruda da bulunuyorlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin; son 3 y\u0131l\u0131n ortalamas\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda AYT ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n 2 milyon 216 bin oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn. Ba\u015fvuru yapmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bunlar\u0131n da ortalama 243 bini \u00e7e\u015fitli gerek\u00e7elerle s\u0131nava girmekten vazge\u00e7iyor. S\u0131nava girenlerin ise y\u00fczde 94\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131navdan ge\u00e7erli puan ya da puanlar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AYT\u2019de sana sadece TYT\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi tek t\u00fcr puan hesaplanm\u0131yor. Bu s\u0131navda Matematik ve Fen testlerini cevapland\u0131rd\u0131ysan Say\u0131sal, Matematik ve Edebiyat-Sosyal Bilimler-1 Testini cevapland\u0131rd\u0131ysan E\u015fit A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131, Edebiyat-Sosyal Bilimler-1 ve Sosyal Bilimler-2 testini cevapland\u0131rd\u0131ysan S\u00f6zel puan\u0131n hesaplan\u0131yor. Ancak bu puanlar i\u00e7in bu testlerin tamam\u0131ndan soru cevapland\u0131rmak zorunda de\u011filsin. Bu testlerden herhangi birinden yine 1 do\u011frun 2 yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131n varsa di\u011fer do\u011fru ve yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n puan\u0131 hesaplanan adaylar aras\u0131na giriyorsun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son 3 y\u0131lda AYT\u2019de puan\u0131 hesaplanan her 100 \u00f6\u011frenciden 75\u2019inin say\u0131sal, 80\u2019inin s\u00f6zel ve 95\u2019inin ise e\u015fit a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 puanlar\u0131 hesapland\u0131. Oranlar\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131n 100\u2019den fazla olmas\u0131, farkl\u0131 puanlar\u0131 etkileyen birden \u00e7ok testi cevaplaman nedeniyle birden \u00e7ok puan da elde ediyor olman. \u00d6rne\u011fin; Matematik testinden yar\u0131m net yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hem say\u0131sal hem de e\u015fit a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k puan\u0131n hesaplan\u0131yor. Sen bir adays\u0131n, ama art\u0131k s\u0131navda iki farkl\u0131 puana sahipsin ve her iki puan t\u00fcr\u00fcnden de tercih yapabilirsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yabanc\u0131 Dil Testi (YDT) ise nispeten kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n daha az oldu\u011fu bir test. Bu s\u0131nava dil ve filoloji alanlar\u0131nda e\u011fitim almak istiyorsan, ba\u015fvurabiliyorsun. S\u0131nava 5 yabanc\u0131 dilden birinde girmek zorundas\u0131n. Genelde kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu dil \u0130ngilizce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son 3 y\u0131l ortalamas\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda YDT\u2019ye 246 bin aday\u0131n ba\u015fvurdu\u011funu g\u00f6rebilirsin. Bunlar\u0131n da ancak y\u00fczde 64\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7erli kabul ediliyor ve s\u0131nav\u0131 ge\u00e7erli olan 159 bin \u00f6\u011frencinin de 143 bininin yani y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n Dil puan\u0131 hesaplan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131nava ba\u015fvuran 246 bin \u00f6\u011frencinin ise 212 bini \u0130ngilizce\u2019den s\u0131nava ba\u015fvuranlardan olu\u015fuyor. Arap\u00e7adan 8 bin, Almancadan 3 bin 300, Frans\u0131zcan bin 200 ve Rus\u00e7adan da 820 \u00f6\u011frenci ba\u015fvuruda bulunuyor ortalama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131nava ba\u015fvuranlar\u0131n lise son s\u0131n\u0131f m\u0131 mezun mu oldu\u011fu da \u00f6nemli verilerden biri. S\u0131nava ba\u015fvuran her 100 \u00f6\u011frenciden ortalama 30\u2019u lise son s\u0131n\u0131f d\u00fczeyinde olup, s\u0131nava ba\u015fvuranlardan olu\u015fuyor. Di\u011fer bir ifade ile ba\u015fvuran 100 \u00f6\u011frenciden en az 70\u2019i daha \u00f6nce bu s\u0131nav deneyimini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f mezun kitleden olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezun kitleyi de sadece \u00fcniversiteye daha \u00f6nceden yerle\u015femeyenler olarak niteleme. Evet bu kitle de var, ama ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcniversitede okuyan hatta daha \u00f6nceden \u00fcniversiteden mezun olup yeniden bir ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcme girmek isteyenler de var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezun kitlenin en kalabal\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131 daha \u00f6nceden s\u0131nava girip, herhangi bir programa yerle\u015femeyenler. Bunlar\u0131n oran\u0131 toplam ba\u015fvurunun y\u00fczde 43\u2019\u00fcne yak\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Ba\u015fvuranlar\u0131n ortalama y\u00fczde 13\u2019\u00fc halihaz\u0131rda bir \u00fcniversitede okuyanlardan y\u00fczde 11\u2019i ise daha \u00f6nceden bir \u00fcniversiteden mezun olanlar. \u00c7e\u015fitli sebeplerle \u00fcniversiteden kayd\u0131 silinen ve yerle\u015fip de kaydolmayanlar da en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck grup ve bunlar\u0131n oran\u0131 da ortalama y\u00fczde 4 civar\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rakiplerinin hangi t\u00fcr liselerden geldi\u011fi de bilmen gereken \u00f6nemli bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131. S\u0131nava ba\u015fvuran her 100 \u00f6\u011frenciden ortalama 32\u2019si Anadolu liselerinden geliyor. Anadolu lisesi deyince akl\u0131na sadece y\u00fcksek puanla ve merkezi s\u0131navla girilen y\u00fcksek nitelikli Anadolu liseleri gelmesin. Adrese dayal\u0131 yerle\u015filen mahallendeki Anadolu liseleri de bu kategoride yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu liselerini y\u00fczde 24\u2019l\u00fck oranla mesleki ve teknik Anadolu liselerinden gelen \u00f6\u011frenciler takip ediyor. Bu gruptaki \u00f6\u011frencilerin s\u0131nav performans\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatmak isterim. Ba\u015fvuruda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc lise grubu ise A\u00e7\u0131k lise. Her 100 \u00f6\u011frenciden ortalama 21\u2019i a\u00e7\u0131k lisede okuyan ya da mezun olan rakiplerin. Anadolu imam hatip liselerinden s\u0131nava kat\u0131l\u0131m oran\u0131 ise ortalama y\u00fczde 8 civar\u0131nda. Fen liselerinden ise yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 3\u2019l\u00fck bir kitle oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemeliyim. Bu lise t\u00fcrlerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 liselerden ba\u015fvuran y\u00fczde 12\u2019lik bir kitle var. Bu son kategorideki lise t\u00fcrlerinin \u00e7o\u011funun meslek lisesi t\u00fcr\u00fc oldu\u011funu da hat\u0131rlatmak isterim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki s\u0131navlarda t\u00fcm bu \u00f6\u011frenciler nas\u0131l bir ortalama ile bu s\u0131navlar\u0131 tamaml\u0131yorlar \u015fimdi k\u0131saca onlar\u0131 izah edeyim sana.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TYT\u2019nin 4 testi AYT\u2019nin de 4 testi var. TYT\u2019nin etkili testleri olan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Matematik testlerinde 40\u2019ar, Sosyal Bilimler ve Fen Bilimleri testlerinde ise 20\u2019\u015fer soru soruluyor sana. Son 3 y\u0131lda rakiplerin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e testinde sorular\u0131n y\u00fczde 51\u2019ini do\u011fru cevapland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Sosyal Bilimlerde do\u011fru cevapland\u0131rma oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 44. \u00dclke genelinin s\u00f6zel performans\u0131 say\u0131saldan daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu testler rakiplerinin nispeten ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu testler grubunda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TYT\u2019de matematik testinde ise rakiplerin sorular\u0131n ancak y\u00fczde 20\u2019sini do\u011fru cevapland\u0131rabiliyor. \u00d6zetle 40 matematik sorusunun ancak 8\u2019ini do\u011fru cevapland\u0131rabilen bir kitle ile yar\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsun. Bu oran fen bilimleri testinde daha da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Fen bilimleri sorular\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131labilme oran\u0131 ise ortalama y\u00fczde 18 civar\u0131nda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TYT daha yo\u011fun ve \u00f6\u011frenci profili daha geni\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bir s\u0131nav oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in belki ba\u015far\u0131 d\u00fczeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelebilir sana ama AYT\u2019de de ba\u015far\u0131 d\u00fczeyleri ne yaz\u0131k ki \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AYT\u2019nin matematik testinde y\u00fczde 17\u2019lik bir do\u011fru soru cevapland\u0131rma oran\u0131 ile s\u0131navdan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor rakiplerin. Bu oran Fen bilimleri testinde y\u00fczde 15\u2019e kadar geriliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AYT\u2019nin s\u00f6zel testleri olan Edebiyat-Sosyal Bilimler-1 testinde ise do\u011fru cevaplama oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 25. Sosyal Bilimler-2 testinde ise bu oran ortalama y\u00fczde 19\u2019da kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TYT yorum, AYT ise bilgi gerektiren bir s\u0131nav oldu\u011fundan rakiplerin yorum sorular\u0131n\u0131 bilgi gerektiren sorulardan daha iyi cevapland\u0131rabiliyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

YDT\u2019de ise \u0130ngilizce sorular\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 48\u2019ini do\u011fru cevapland\u0131ran nispeten daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kitle bulunuyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte seni bu y\u0131l bekleyen s\u0131nav\u0131n k\u0131saca son 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6zeti. Kalabal\u0131k ama olduk\u00e7a zay\u0131f bir kitle ile yar\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsun. \u015eayet sorular\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye ortalamas\u0131 kadar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru yapabilecek bir \u00f6\u011frenciysen, s\u0131ralamada 3,2 milyonun orta noktas\u0131 olan 1,6 milyonluk bir yerde de\u011fil 700 binlik bir s\u0131ralamada yer al\u0131yorsun. Kitlenin kalabal\u0131k oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lge y\u00fcksek puanl\u0131 b\u00f6lge de\u011fil daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck puanl\u0131 b\u00f6lge. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n her bir do\u011fru ile binlerce \u00f6\u011frenciyi arkana alabilece\u011fin bir s\u0131nav seni bekliyor. Bu s\u0131nav\u0131n da bir s\u0131ralama s\u0131nav\u0131 oldu\u011funu l\u00fctfen unutma.<\/p>\n\n

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\u00dcniversiteli olma yolunda ad\u0131m atarken, \u00f6ncelikle seni bekleyen zorlu bir s\u0131nav s\u00fcreci oldu\u011funu biliyorsun. Bu yaz\u0131da, nas\u0131l bir s\u0131navdan ge\u00e7ece\u011fini ve rakiplerinle nas\u0131l bir yar\u0131\u015fa girece\u011fini detaylar\u0131yla ele ald\u0131k. \u00dcniversite hayaline giden zorlu yolculukta seni nelerin bekledi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in okumaya devam et! \u00dcniversite s\u0131navlar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131m as\u0131rd\u0131r uygulanan test tekni\u011fine dayal\u0131 bir s\u0131nav. Belli d\u00f6nemlerde […]<\/p>\n\n

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